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alle Publications
CFRP Tension Elements and Their Anchorages
Mike Schlaich, Bernd Zwingmann, Yue Liu, Ralf Goller
DOI: 10.1002/bate.201200057
DOI: 10.1002/bate.201200057
Progress in civil engineering is highly connected to the appearance of new materials. The materials iron and steel, reinforced concrete and prestressed concrete have been influencing the building culture since the beginning of industrialization. From the 1990s carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) experience an increasing use for structural application.
This article gives an introduction to the properties of this high-performance material and presents the state of the art of CFRP tension elements with their corresponding anchorages. CRFP tension elements have high potential for lightweight and wide spread constructions like cable bridges and suspended roofs. Therefore the appropriate design regarding the material of CFRP tension elements is investigated at the Technical University of Berlin.
Dezember 2012
Large scale fatigue tests of strands on saddle systems for cable-stayed bridges
Prof. Dr. sc. techn. Mike Schlaich,
Ayham Abdalsamad M.Sc.,
Rachid Annan
DOI: 10.1002/bate.201200042
Ayham Abdalsamad M.Sc.,
Rachid Annan
DOI: 10.1002/bate.201200042
Stay cables made of parallel strands for cable-stayed or extradosed bridges are usually anchored in the pylon or the mast of the bridge. New saddle systems provide the opportunity to support them by saddles that guide the strands continuously from one side of the pylon to the other. While cables made of strands have been tested for fatigue extensively, saddle systems were not yet tested much although the fatigue mechanism occurring inside a saddle is particularly complex. The need to perform such a test and the facilities that exist at the Berlin Institute of Technology (TU Berlin), Department of Civil and Structural Engineering provided the unique opportunity to perform large scale fatigue test on cable saddle systems with 55 and with 37 strands. These tests were performed in accordance to fib recommendations, bulletin 30, January 2005. This paper describes the saddle systems used today as well as the test rig and tests conducted in Berlin.
November 2012
Infra-Lightweight Concrete 2.0
Prof. Dr. sc. techn. Mike Schlaich,
Dipl.-Ing. Alex Hückler
DOI: 10.1002/best.201200033
Dipl.-Ing. Alex Hückler
DOI: 10.1002/best.201200033
Infra-Lightweight Concrete acts as load-bearing heat insulation and promises durable, sustainable and attractive fair-faced concrete structures. A building made of this high performance lightweight aggregate concrete in 2007 was presented in this journal. Since then, while maintaining the heat insulating properties, the compressive strength has been doubled. This paper presents both the associated research and further development at the Technische Universität in Berlin as well as a wall mock-up for a pavilion which was awarded with an innovation price by the Holcim Foundation.
November 2012
Under large roofs – Interdisciplinary design of stadiums
Dipl.-Ing. Knut Göppert
DOI: 10.1002/bate.201200049
DOI: 10.1002/bate.201200049
schlaich bergermann und partner who are dedicated to lightweight structures – the efficient use of materials, the readability of the force flow, the simplicity in the sense of restriction to the essential principle of “less is more” – and the honesty to show construction as what it is. We try to design the details so that they disclose what they do, without embellishment. Our contribution to architectural ideas, to design, bases on these principles which are visible not only in long-span roof structures, in arenas and stadiums, but also in all other areas of our work and very clearly also in bridge design.
In this way we try to contribute to successful architecture. This especially works well, if the participating architects and engineers, as well as our clients, share these principles
Oktober 2012
Stadia for the FIFA Worldcup 2014 in Brazil
Dipl.-Ing. Knut Göppert,
Dipl.-Ing. Knut Stockhusen,
Dipl.-Ing. Stefan Dziewas,
Dipl.-Ing. Thomas Moschner,
Dipl.-Ing. Tilman Schober
DOI: 10.1002/bate.201200052
Dipl.-Ing. Knut Stockhusen,
Dipl.-Ing. Stefan Dziewas,
Dipl.-Ing. Thomas Moschner,
Dipl.-Ing. Tilman Schober
DOI: 10.1002/bate.201200052
Since 2008 several stadia are newly planned and under construction, others will be expanded and modernized for the FIFA 2014 World Cup in Brazil. In this paper four projects are presented. Three of them are under construction now, the fourth project was stopped after completion of the structural planning and an alternative design was selected to be built.
To develop designs for four different stadia at the same time and to represent the designs locally, requires appropriately staffed and experienced teams, but also a clear definition of the design parameters. These parameters differ in each project and so are the resulting designs. New and refreshing variations of the familiar theme.
Oktober 2012
Fußgängerbrücken-Stege und Rampen, Entwuf, Konstruktion
Andreas Keil
ISBN 978-3-920034-63-8
ISBN 978-3-920034-63-8
August 2012
Next 3 stadia- Warsaw Bucharest Kiev
Herausgeber: Falk Jaeger
AutorInnen: André Eichhofer, Knut Göppert, Christian Hoffmann, Falk Jaeger, Volkwin Marg u.a.
ISBN 978-3-86859-154-5
AutorInnen: André Eichhofer, Knut Göppert, Christian Hoffmann, Falk Jaeger, Volkwin Marg u.a.
ISBN 978-3-86859-154-5
Juni 2012
Polnisches Nationalstadion in Warschau
Knut Göppert Dipl.-Ing.,Lorenz Haspel Dipl.-Ing.,Knut Stockhusen Dipl.-Ing.
DOI: 10.1002/stab.201201572
National Stadium Warsaw. Underneath the foundations of the newly constructed Polish National Stadium rest the wreckage that was removed from the city after the destruction of Warsaw during World War Two. The opportunity to contribute to the design and realization of a new landmark for the Capital and the Polish Nation on such historical grounds was an extraordinary honour for us. The realization of this arena, working in conjunction with designers and companies from Poland, Germany, Italy and Switzerland established a milestone, technically and functionally. It necessitated the development of innovative solutions in response to new engineering challenges, many of which had not been encountered before. The design of this expressive multifunctional arena with a retractable inner roof above the green field, suitable even for winter, and the realization of an efficient structure with moveable components resulted in various interesting engineering tasks. This article shall give insight into some of these topics and the way they have been dealt with.
DOI: 10.1002/stab.201201572
National Stadium Warsaw. Underneath the foundations of the newly constructed Polish National Stadium rest the wreckage that was removed from the city after the destruction of Warsaw during World War Two. The opportunity to contribute to the design and realization of a new landmark for the Capital and the Polish Nation on such historical grounds was an extraordinary honour for us. The realization of this arena, working in conjunction with designers and companies from Poland, Germany, Italy and Switzerland established a milestone, technically and functionally. It necessitated the development of innovative solutions in response to new engineering challenges, many of which had not been encountered before. The design of this expressive multifunctional arena with a retractable inner roof above the green field, suitable even for winter, and the realization of an efficient structure with moveable components resulted in various interesting engineering tasks. This article shall give insight into some of these topics and the way they have been dealt with.
Juni 2012
Olympiastadion Kiew
Knut Göppert Dipl.-Ing., Markus Balz Dipl.-Ing. (FH), Lorenz Haspel Dipl.-Ing., Thomas Moschner Dipl.-Ing
DOI: 10.1002/stab.201201568
Olympic Stadium Kiev. The Stadium Kiev boasts a long and varied history that began in 1914. Built on the former fringes of the city, it is now in the center of Kiev. Over the years the stadium was rebuilt several times, in order to prepare for more and bigger events. The maximum capacity of the stadium, with two complete tiers and more than 100,000 seats, was reached in 1968, but then in subsequent conversion work reduced for more security. The stadium still bears the name “Olimpijskyj” since in 1980 several competitions of the Olympic Summer Games took place in Kiev. Before the conversion for the Euro 2012 the stadium still had a lot of sometimes very badly preserved relics, such as Olympic-reliefs, mosaics and paintings, received which testified it´s great history. The focus of the new architectural concept was to design a lightweight unobtrusive structure, which dispensed from space-consuming elements.
DOI: 10.1002/stab.201201568
Olympic Stadium Kiev. The Stadium Kiev boasts a long and varied history that began in 1914. Built on the former fringes of the city, it is now in the center of Kiev. Over the years the stadium was rebuilt several times, in order to prepare for more and bigger events. The maximum capacity of the stadium, with two complete tiers and more than 100,000 seats, was reached in 1968, but then in subsequent conversion work reduced for more security. The stadium still bears the name “Olimpijskyj” since in 1980 several competitions of the Olympic Summer Games took place in Kiev. Before the conversion for the Euro 2012 the stadium still had a lot of sometimes very badly preserved relics, such as Olympic-reliefs, mosaics and paintings, received which testified it´s great history. The focus of the new architectural concept was to design a lightweight unobtrusive structure, which dispensed from space-consuming elements.
Juni 2012
Die Krone von Vancouver – Erneuerung des BC Place Stadions
Knut Göppert Dipl.-Ing., Thomas Moschner Dipl.-Ing., Christoph Paech Dipl.-Ing., Michael Stein Dipl.-Ing., Michael Werner Dipl.-Ing.
DOI: 10.1002/stab.201201569
The crown of Vancouver – Revitalisation of the BC Place Stadium. The BC Place Stadium is situated in the city centre of Vancouver directly next to False Creek. The old stadium, with a capacity for 60,000 people, was opened in 1983 until its demolition. It was the world’s largest air dome. With time, massive operational constraints appeared due to the fully inflated inner space of the air dome. Emergency evacuation of the stadium was complicated due to required air locks on spectator and access routes. The high energy consumption for the inflation units and the snow melting system were not practical anymore and were an economical problem for the user. In addition one of the two main users, the Vancouver Whitecaps, always wanted to have the possibility to play open air. Furthermore, the complete stadium complex had to be renovated and – with regard to the massive seismic demands on the structure – updated to the state of the art. With the new design a very complex task has been solved: A state of the art roof structure with a retractable inner roof was added onto an existing concrete bowl structure.
DOI: 10.1002/stab.201201569
The crown of Vancouver – Revitalisation of the BC Place Stadium. The BC Place Stadium is situated in the city centre of Vancouver directly next to False Creek. The old stadium, with a capacity for 60,000 people, was opened in 1983 until its demolition. It was the world’s largest air dome. With time, massive operational constraints appeared due to the fully inflated inner space of the air dome. Emergency evacuation of the stadium was complicated due to required air locks on spectator and access routes. The high energy consumption for the inflation units and the snow melting system were not practical anymore and were an economical problem for the user. In addition one of the two main users, the Vancouver Whitecaps, always wanted to have the possibility to play open air. Furthermore, the complete stadium complex had to be renovated and – with regard to the massive seismic demands on the structure – updated to the state of the art. With the new design a very complex task has been solved: A state of the art roof structure with a retractable inner roof was added onto an existing concrete bowl structure.
Juni 2012
Shenzhen Universiade Sportzentrum
Sven Plieninger Dipl.-Ing., Wei Chen Dipl.-Ing.
DOI: 10.1002/stab.201201570
Sophisticated crystal – Shenzhen Universiade Sports Center. The Summer-Universiade 2011 took place in the chinese city Shenzhen from the 12th to the 13th of August. For this event the new Shenzhen Universiade Sports Center with a main stadium, a multi-function hall, and a swimming stadium were designed. Working in conjunction with the architects von Gerkan, Marg und Partner (gmp), schlaich bergermann und partner successfully participated in the two international competitions for the “Shenzhen Universiade Sports Center” and the “Shenzhen Baoan Stadium.” The following article reports on the planning and design of the roof structures of the three sports facilities of the Universiade Sports Center.
Juni 2012
Bauen mit Buddha – Ein Erfahrungsbericht aus Indien
Knut Göppert Dipl.-Ing., Knut Stockhusen Dipl.-Ing.
DOI: 10.1002/stab.201201566
Building with Buddha – Experience report from India. Between 2006 and 2010 several sport venues designated for the Commonwealth Games 2010 have been designed by us. Based on the experience during the construction period of the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium the following article tells the story of a special borderline experience of working abroad. Besides the courage of the authorities to decide for a complex project of international standard, the work required intensive and devotional commitment and inventive talent by all involved parties and ended luckily with a beautiful venue within a truly unique and incredible India.
DOI: 10.1002/stab.201201566
Building with Buddha – Experience report from India. Between 2006 and 2010 several sport venues designated for the Commonwealth Games 2010 have been designed by us. Based on the experience during the construction period of the Jawaharlal Nehru Stadium the following article tells the story of a special borderline experience of working abroad. Besides the courage of the authorities to decide for a complex project of international standard, the work required intensive and devotional commitment and inventive talent by all involved parties and ended luckily with a beautiful venue within a truly unique and incredible India.
Juni 2012
Formfindung: Die Interaktion von Kraft und Geometrie
Prof. Dr.-Ing. Roman Kemmler
DOI: 10.1002/stab.201201564
Form-finding: The Interaction force of geometry. For cable- and membrane-structures the process of form-finding is an indispensable and integral part of the design-process. For the realization of other types of structures the idea of form-finding was, until now, not well established in the design-phases. Due to the existence of bending-stiffness in such structures the geometry will be usually preset and not found. The advantages of form-finding, however, can be used for a multitude of structures. Besides a general discussion about different approaches and the method used by schlaich bergermann und partner, several examples will be shown for the possibilities and advantages of this method. This rarely discussed approach extends the area of application and allows a significant increase in efficiency, which is useful in a competition as well as in the design development phases. The advantages of form-finding will be presented on realized projects of the last years.
DOI: 10.1002/stab.201201564
Form-finding: The Interaction force of geometry. For cable- and membrane-structures the process of form-finding is an indispensable and integral part of the design-process. For the realization of other types of structures the idea of form-finding was, until now, not well established in the design-phases. Due to the existence of bending-stiffness in such structures the geometry will be usually preset and not found. The advantages of form-finding, however, can be used for a multitude of structures. Besides a general discussion about different approaches and the method used by schlaich bergermann und partner, several examples will be shown for the possibilities and advantages of this method. This rarely discussed approach extends the area of application and allows a significant increase in efficiency, which is useful in a competition as well as in the design development phases. The advantages of form-finding will be presented on realized projects of the last years.
Juni 2012
Shanghai Oriental Sport Center-SOSC
Dipl.Ing. Sven Plieninger, Dipl.Ing. Wei Chen
DOI: 10.1002/stco.201210015
DOI: 10.1002/stco.201210015
Juni 2012
Die Stahlkonstruktion der Terminalhalle des Flughafens Berlin Brandenburg Willy Brandt
Nienhoff, H., Göppert, K. and Fackler, T.
doi: 10.1002/stab.201201574
The built environment, buildings, bridges, tunnels, towers, train stations and of course airports, are forming a large portion of our modern infrastructure. The size and the life time of our built infrastructure lead to a highly visible and permanent impact for our natural and urban environment. Combined with the complex functional and economical requirements of our modern civilization an integrative planning in interdisciplinary teams is necessary. The realisation of these requirements beginning from the preliminary design up to the supervision of the assembling will be exemplary described and illustrated.
doi: 10.1002/stab.201201574
The built environment, buildings, bridges, tunnels, towers, train stations and of course airports, are forming a large portion of our modern infrastructure. The size and the life time of our built infrastructure lead to a highly visible and permanent impact for our natural and urban environment. Combined with the complex functional and economical requirements of our modern civilization an integrative planning in interdisciplinary teams is necessary. The realisation of these requirements beginning from the preliminary design up to the supervision of the assembling will be exemplary described and illustrated.
Mai 2012
Cabot Circus, Bristol Ebene Vierecknetze für freigeformte Glasdächer
Schober, H. and Justiz, S.
DOI: 10.1002/stab.201290072
DOI: 10.1002/stab.201290072
April 2012
Collector dvelopment for solar parabolic trough power plants
Dipl.-Phys. Wolfgang Schiel
DOI: 10.1002/bate.201201543
DOI: 10.1002/bate.201201543
In the last years several solar thermal power plants were constructed and successfully put into operation in Spain and North Africa. By the end of 2013, a total of 2, 5 GW solar thermal power plants will be in operation in Spain alone. Most of these plants are parabolic trough power plants, which is currently the most highly developed solar thermal technology. These power plants consist of a large solar collector field with hundreds of thousands of m2 collector areas, which generate the required warmth for the operation of a conventional power block. The costs of this technology are primarily determined by the costs of the collector field. In order to achieve electricity generation costs that are competitive to fossil power plants, further developments of the solar components with regard to cost reduction and increased efficiency are necessary, especially for the solar collector.
März 2012
Die mehrfeldrige Spannbandbrücke Slinky Springs to Fame in Oberhausen
Schlaich, M., Goldack, A. and Nier, M.
DOI: 10.1002/stab.201201519
The city of Essen became European Capital of Culture in 2010. For this reason, the artist Tobias Rehberger was invited to design a sculpture across the Rhein-Herne-Canal, which also should enable people to cross the canal. The structural engineers, who could join the team at an early design stage, had the opportunity to strive within the relation artist – structural engineer for a synthesis: good art and good structure. The result, the bridge sculpture Slinky Springs to Fame, is a lightweight and very colourful stress ribbon bridge crossing the Rhein-Herne-Canal, which is wrapped by a spiral. This paper describes in detail the conceptual and structural design as well as dynamic aspects and the construction of the bridge.
DOI: 10.1002/stab.201201519
The city of Essen became European Capital of Culture in 2010. For this reason, the artist Tobias Rehberger was invited to design a sculpture across the Rhein-Herne-Canal, which also should enable people to cross the canal. The structural engineers, who could join the team at an early design stage, had the opportunity to strive within the relation artist – structural engineer for a synthesis: good art and good structure. The result, the bridge sculpture Slinky Springs to Fame, is a lightweight and very colourful stress ribbon bridge crossing the Rhein-Herne-Canal, which is wrapped by a spiral. This paper describes in detail the conceptual and structural design as well as dynamic aspects and the construction of the bridge.
Februar 2012
detail engineering
Detail
Annette Bögle, Christian Brensing, Falk Jäger, Roland Pawlitschko, Oliver Schaeffer
ISBN 978-3-920034-57-7
Annette Bögle, Christian Brensing, Falk Jäger, Roland Pawlitschko, Oliver Schaeffer
ISBN 978-3-920034-57-7
Dezember 2011
Membranüberdachung für den historischen Milk Market in Limerick, Irland
Paech, C. and Bergermann, R.
doi: 10.1002/stab.201101422
A membrane canopy has been designed for the historic milk market courtyard in Limerick as part of the refurbishment efforts in order to enable the local farmers market to take place independently from environmental influences but still achieve an outdoor ambience. To optimize the usability of the 1400 m2 covered area, the membrane is supported by just one eccentrically aligned mast and is suspended to the four corners of the courtyard without touching any of the preserved structures.
doi: 10.1002/stab.201101422
A membrane canopy has been designed for the historic milk market courtyard in Limerick as part of the refurbishment efforts in order to enable the local farmers market to take place independently from environmental influences but still achieve an outdoor ambience. To optimize the usability of the 1400 m2 covered area, the membrane is supported by just one eccentrically aligned mast and is suspended to the four corners of the courtyard without touching any of the preserved structures.
Juni 2011
Das freie Spiel der Flächen und Stäbe
Schober, H., Werwigk, M. and Kürschner, K
doi: 10.1002/stab.201001390
On the premises of a worldwide operating pharmaceutical company in Basle, Suisse a sculptural office building designed by Frank O. Gehry has been planned and completed. An outstanding charm is given by the transparent steel-glass-envelope covering the relatively shifted and rotated slabs as a free formed folded structure consisting of steel bars. To realize the free building geometry very close to the design idea for all project members the CAD-software CATIA was integrated into the planning process. schlaich bergermann und partner has covered the full scope of structural engineering from schematic design to execution phase. This paper describes the specialties during design, engineering, fabrication and erection of the unusual envelope made of steel and glass.
doi: 10.1002/stab.201001390
On the premises of a worldwide operating pharmaceutical company in Basle, Suisse a sculptural office building designed by Frank O. Gehry has been planned and completed. An outstanding charm is given by the transparent steel-glass-envelope covering the relatively shifted and rotated slabs as a free formed folded structure consisting of steel bars. To realize the free building geometry very close to the design idea for all project members the CAD-software CATIA was integrated into the planning process. schlaich bergermann und partner has covered the full scope of structural engineering from schematic design to execution phase. This paper describes the specialties during design, engineering, fabrication and erection of the unusual envelope made of steel and glass.
Januar 2011
Dynamic and powerful - Two Crossings over Highway A8
Keil, A.; Meese, L.,
The highway between Stuttgart and Karlsruhe has been renewed with three lanes in each direction and several new crossings. We have designed two single span structural concrete frame bridges with 60 m and respectively 70 m span. The bridges are constructed without joint and bearings; the deck and the abutments are one monolithic structure.The bridge deck consists of two traffic lanes and one lane for pedestrians and cyclists. The deck is a simple slab being supported at the sides by “arch-shaped” shear-walls (Fig. 1). As the deck has no intermediate supports and the height of the arch-wall is reduced, the shape of the bridges looks very dynamic and remarkable.The following article describes the conceptual design and the structural behavior of the bridges and gives some explanation about the construction process.
The highway between Stuttgart and Karlsruhe has been renewed with three lanes in each direction and several new crossings. We have designed two single span structural concrete frame bridges with 60 m and respectively 70 m span. The bridges are constructed without joint and bearings; the deck and the abutments are one monolithic structure.The bridge deck consists of two traffic lanes and one lane for pedestrians and cyclists. The deck is a simple slab being supported at the sides by “arch-shaped” shear-walls (Fig. 1). As the deck has no intermediate supports and the height of the arch-wall is reduced, the shape of the bridges looks very dynamic and remarkable.The following article describes the conceptual design and the structural behavior of the bridges and gives some explanation about the construction process.
Januar 2011
Balkon zum Meer – Die Seebrücke in Saßnitz
Schlaich, M., Keil, A., Stockhusen, K. and Linden, S.
doi: 10.1002/stab.201001372
In July 2007, a 250 m long suspension bridge for pedestrians was inaugurated in the city of Saßnitz on Rügen Island in the German part of the Baltic Sea. The curved part of the deck of 120 m length is supported by cables on one side only. The bridge, one of the longest of its kind, is part of an urban renewal project. It reconnects Saßnitz Harbour to the city, being separated from each other during the cold war. The most interesting feature of this bridge is the cantilevering support girders that protrude from the deck to connect to the hangers so that their axes aim towards the centre of gravity of the pertinent deck section. This structural solution allows for one-sided hanger supports without causing bending or torsion in the curved girder due to distributed dead load or live loads. The paper describes the structural concept of the Saßnitz Bridge. It also elaborates on structural design and erection issues.
doi: 10.1002/stab.201001372
In July 2007, a 250 m long suspension bridge for pedestrians was inaugurated in the city of Saßnitz on Rügen Island in the German part of the Baltic Sea. The curved part of the deck of 120 m length is supported by cables on one side only. The bridge, one of the longest of its kind, is part of an urban renewal project. It reconnects Saßnitz Harbour to the city, being separated from each other during the cold war. The most interesting feature of this bridge is the cantilevering support girders that protrude from the deck to connect to the hangers so that their axes aim towards the centre of gravity of the pertinent deck section. This structural solution allows for one-sided hanger supports without causing bending or torsion in the curved girder due to distributed dead load or live loads. The paper describes the structural concept of the Saßnitz Bridge. It also elaborates on structural design and erection issues.
Oktober 2010
Lehre im Bauingenieurwesen – Ganzheitliches, werkstoffübergreifendes Entwerfen und Konstruieren
Bögle, A. and Schlaich, M.
doi: 10.1002/best.201008254
Due to todays technological, ecological and social challenges a new approach of the academic curricula essential is concerning structural and civil engineering. This paper describes the concept of materialcomprehensive conceptual and structural design as it is taught at the TU Berlin. This is one possibility to educate the next generation of structural engineers, to make them ready for facing the challenges to come.
doi: 10.1002/best.201008254
Due to todays technological, ecological and social challenges a new approach of the academic curricula essential is concerning structural and civil engineering. This paper describes the concept of materialcomprehensive conceptual and structural design as it is taught at the TU Berlin. This is one possibility to educate the next generation of structural engineers, to make them ready for facing the challenges to come.
Oktober 2010
A roof for the new stadium Legia Warsaw
Göppert, K.; Justiz, S.
The new Stadium for the Polish First League soccer club Legia Warsaw is the first example of a series of new Polish stadium projects. It implements the new safety regulations for modern stadia as well as state-of-the-art comfort features. The new stadia will showcase new structural solutions as well as new materials, mainly for the roof systems. The roof structure for the Legia stadium show most elegant the forming of the three-chord truss girder, based on the structural requirements. The cladding is a combined solution of a translucent Teflon coated glass fiber membrane on the majority of the roof surface and a transparent polycarbonate sheeting area at the inner roof edge. The design team and the group of contractors delivered a truly modern and already highly appreciated stadium.
The new Stadium for the Polish First League soccer club Legia Warsaw is the first example of a series of new Polish stadium projects. It implements the new safety regulations for modern stadia as well as state-of-the-art comfort features. The new stadia will showcase new structural solutions as well as new materials, mainly for the roof systems. The roof structure for the Legia stadium show most elegant the forming of the three-chord truss girder, based on the structural requirements. The cladding is a combined solution of a translucent Teflon coated glass fiber membrane on the majority of the roof surface and a transparent polycarbonate sheeting area at the inner roof edge. The design team and the group of contractors delivered a truly modern and already highly appreciated stadium.
Oktober 2010
Die Gänsebachtalbrücke, eine integrale Talbrücke der DB AG auf der Neubaustrecke Erfurt-Leipzig/Halle
Schenkel, M., Goldack, A., Schlaich, J. and Kraft, S.
doi: 10.1002/best.201000034
The new railway between Erfurt and Leipzig/Halle, part of the transportation project “Deutsche Einheit No. 8.2”, crosses the Gänsebach valley via an intregal (i.e. no bearings) prestressed concrete bridge. The bridge is designed for high-speed traffic of up to 300 km/h. The bridge, currently under construction, is based on an alternative design in accordance with the guideline “Design of Railway Bridges” (“Leitfaden: Gestalten von Eisenbahnbrücken”) of the Deutsche Bahn AG. The Gänsebach valley bridge is designed as a frame bridge, a monolithical prestressed concrete double T-beam on circular columns. The example of the Gänsebach valley bridge proved that alternative designs following the DB AG guideline are to be regarded as at least equivalent with regard to load bearing capacity, serviceability and traffic safety as well as cost and therefore suitable for high-speed traffic. The deviation from the original plan and the integral design required a separate approval and consequently various further tests, such as examining the dynamic behavior under train crossings and possible resonance vibrations. These tests will be described in detail in this paper. This alternative design will result in a bridge which is more robust and will fit in more harmoniously with the shallow valley of the Gänsebach than the original commissioned design would have.
doi: 10.1002/best.201000034
The new railway between Erfurt and Leipzig/Halle, part of the transportation project “Deutsche Einheit No. 8.2”, crosses the Gänsebach valley via an intregal (i.e. no bearings) prestressed concrete bridge. The bridge is designed for high-speed traffic of up to 300 km/h. The bridge, currently under construction, is based on an alternative design in accordance with the guideline “Design of Railway Bridges” (“Leitfaden: Gestalten von Eisenbahnbrücken”) of the Deutsche Bahn AG. The Gänsebach valley bridge is designed as a frame bridge, a monolithical prestressed concrete double T-beam on circular columns. The example of the Gänsebach valley bridge proved that alternative designs following the DB AG guideline are to be regarded as at least equivalent with regard to load bearing capacity, serviceability and traffic safety as well as cost and therefore suitable for high-speed traffic. The deviation from the original plan and the integral design required a separate approval and consequently various further tests, such as examining the dynamic behavior under train crossings and possible resonance vibrations. These tests will be described in detail in this paper. This alternative design will result in a bridge which is more robust and will fit in more harmoniously with the shallow valley of the Gänsebach than the original commissioned design would have.
September 2010
3 Stadia - Architecture for an African Dream
Jaeger, F. (Hrsg.), mit Beiträgen von Knut Göppert
jovis Verlag
ISBN 978-3-86859-063-0
jovis Verlag
ISBN 978-3-86859-063-0
Juni 2010
The new airport “Berlin-Brandenburg-International”
Göppert, K.; Fackler, F.; Weißbach, M.; Schoknecht, T.
The built environment, buildings, bridges, tunnels, towers, train stations and of course airports, are forming a large portion of our modern infrastructure. The size and the life time of our built infrastructure lead to a highly visible and permanent impact for our natural and urban environment. Combined with the complex functional and economical requirements of our modern civilization an integrative planning in interdisciplinary teams is necessary. The realisation of these requirements beginning from the preliminary design up to the supervision of the assembling will be exemplary described and illustrated.
The built environment, buildings, bridges, tunnels, towers, train stations and of course airports, are forming a large portion of our modern infrastructure. The size and the life time of our built infrastructure lead to a highly visible and permanent impact for our natural and urban environment. Combined with the complex functional and economical requirements of our modern civilization an integrative planning in interdisciplinary teams is necessary. The realisation of these requirements beginning from the preliminary design up to the supervision of the assembling will be exemplary described and illustrated.
Juni 2010
Mit kühnem Schwung
Keil A., Linden S.
DOI: 10.1002/stab.201001294
North of Gelsenkirchen, right behind ZOOM-Erlebniswelt, a delicate, horizontally curved suspension bridge crosses the Rhine Herne Canal since June 2009. With a bold sweep and a span of 141 m it connects the bike and walking trails of the southern Erzbahntrasse with the northern Emscher Park bike trail. The bridge combines architectural aesthetic and discerning engineering attributes through its lightness and its minimal, integral construction. Using unsupported main cable anchorages and a complex, three-dimensional workshop geometry, innovative accents were created. The following report illustrates the design, planning and construction as well as the complex erection sequence of this elegant, seemingly floating structure.
DOI: 10.1002/stab.201001294
North of Gelsenkirchen, right behind ZOOM-Erlebniswelt, a delicate, horizontally curved suspension bridge crosses the Rhine Herne Canal since June 2009. With a bold sweep and a span of 141 m it connects the bike and walking trails of the southern Erzbahntrasse with the northern Emscher Park bike trail. The bridge combines architectural aesthetic and discerning engineering attributes through its lightness and its minimal, integral construction. Using unsupported main cable anchorages and a complex, three-dimensional workshop geometry, innovative accents were created. The following report illustrates the design, planning and construction as well as the complex erection sequence of this elegant, seemingly floating structure.
Februar 2010
WM 2010: Stadiondach für die “Windy City” Port Elizabeth
Göppert, K. and Haspel, L.
DOI: 10.1002/stab.200910055
Designing the roof of the new Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium in Port Elizabeth and thus contributing to the South African building culture is challenge and honor at the same time. The following article covers the design of the roof shape as a signature landmark and its implementation in an economic and structurally meaningful solution. Frequent wind in the “windy city” and an extreme corrosive environment are part of the boundary conditions that required individual solutions from initial design until final completion.
DOI: 10.1002/stab.200910055
Designing the roof of the new Nelson Mandela Bay Stadium in Port Elizabeth and thus contributing to the South African building culture is challenge and honor at the same time. The following article covers the design of the roof shape as a signature landmark and its implementation in an economic and structurally meaningful solution. Frequent wind in the “windy city” and an extreme corrosive environment are part of the boundary conditions that required individual solutions from initial design until final completion.
Juni 2009
Passerelle sur Nanterre – spatial play of forces
Keil, A. and Zimmermann, M.
doi: 10.1002/stco.200910013
A footbridge was required as part of an urban development project in the Parisian financial district, La Défense. The construction is surrounded by the futuristic and modern architecture of the district, and a technically unique and attractive solution was required.Together with the architects DFA, Dietmar Feichtinger-Architectes, Paris, and with the support of the client, EPASA, the ambitious, technically advanced bridge design was constructed and tailored to the specific urban conditions of the site.The following is an overview of the design concept, elements and calculations plus the fabrication and erection of the bridge.
doi: 10.1002/stco.200910013
A footbridge was required as part of an urban development project in the Parisian financial district, La Défense. The construction is surrounded by the futuristic and modern architecture of the district, and a technically unique and attractive solution was required.Together with the architects DFA, Dietmar Feichtinger-Architectes, Paris, and with the support of the client, EPASA, the ambitious, technically advanced bridge design was constructed and tailored to the specific urban conditions of the site.The following is an overview of the design concept, elements and calculations plus the fabrication and erection of the bridge.
Juni 2009
Gestalten von Eisenbahnbrücken
Marx, S. and Schlaich, J.
doi: 10.1002/stab.200910019
Railway bridges are high performance structures concerning their load bearing capacity, durability and serviceability. But high demands of usage and loading combined with the special conditions of building technology under continuing traffic led to a lack of aesthetic bridge design during the last decades. The structures of infrastructure, and in particular bridges, are large and tend to dominate their natural or urban environments. Bridges must, therefore, meet high levels of aesthetic and design value in addition to meeting the basic requirements of providing safety, functionality and economic solutions. Two years ago an advisory board for bridge design was established to support the Deutsche Bahn in making considerable improvements to the aesthetic and design quality of bridges promoting innovation in bridge design and construction.
doi: 10.1002/stab.200910019
Railway bridges are high performance structures concerning their load bearing capacity, durability and serviceability. But high demands of usage and loading combined with the special conditions of building technology under continuing traffic led to a lack of aesthetic bridge design during the last decades. The structures of infrastructure, and in particular bridges, are large and tend to dominate their natural or urban environments. Bridges must, therefore, meet high levels of aesthetic and design value in addition to meeting the basic requirements of providing safety, functionality and economic solutions. Two years ago an advisory board for bridge design was established to support the Deutsche Bahn in making considerable improvements to the aesthetic and design quality of bridges promoting innovation in bridge design and construction.
März 2009
Innovative Glaskonstruktionen in Amerika
Schober, H., Dunham, M. and Justiz, S.
doi: 10.1002/stab.200910030
An innovative steel and glass structure reaching above four stories in height is currently being constructed as part of a new 40-story office high-rise building at 11 Times Square in New York.The hybrid façade construction consists of 16.5 m long, standing fins made up of load-bearing glass with stainless steel chords, while the cross-bracing is achieved through the glass panes of the façade. An illuminated glass prism was also designed, serving as a beacon leading towards the entry-way of the lobby, which also extends beyond four stories in height and serves to bind together the exterior plaza with the interior lobby.Furthermore, the following projects from our office will be presented in short: – the Luminous Glass Shell of the Bank of America Charlotte – the glass staircase of the Four Seasons Center of Performing Arts in Toronto– the cable net façade of the 7 World Trade Center, as well as of the Freedom Tower and of the Time Warner Center in Manhattan.
doi: 10.1002/stab.200910030
An innovative steel and glass structure reaching above four stories in height is currently being constructed as part of a new 40-story office high-rise building at 11 Times Square in New York.The hybrid façade construction consists of 16.5 m long, standing fins made up of load-bearing glass with stainless steel chords, while the cross-bracing is achieved through the glass panes of the façade. An illuminated glass prism was also designed, serving as a beacon leading towards the entry-way of the lobby, which also extends beyond four stories in height and serves to bind together the exterior plaza with the interior lobby.Furthermore, the following projects from our office will be presented in short: – the Luminous Glass Shell of the Bank of America Charlotte – the glass staircase of the Four Seasons Center of Performing Arts in Toronto– the cable net façade of the 7 World Trade Center, as well as of the Freedom Tower and of the Time Warner Center in Manhattan.
Januar 2009
Membrantragwerke
Dipl.-Ing. Knut Göppert, Dipl.-Ing. Markus Balz
doi: 10.1002/9783433600320.ch7
doi: 10.1002/9783433600320.ch7
Januar 2009
Gläsernes Mahnmal zur Erinnerung an die Terrorattentate vom 11. März 2004 in Madrid
Göppert, K. and Paech, C.
DOI: 10.1002/stab.200810031
On March 11, 2004 in Madrid, 191 people were killed in terrorist bomb attacks on four suburban trains. In addition to the lives lost, 1824 people were severely injured. The glass monument for remembrance of the victims is situated next to the Atocha Railway Station in the centre of Madrid and was publicly inaugurated by Juan Carlos I, King of Spain and Queen Sofía on the three year anniversary of the attacks.
DOI: 10.1002/stab.200810031
On March 11, 2004 in Madrid, 191 people were killed in terrorist bomb attacks on four suburban trains. In addition to the lives lost, 1824 people were severely injured. The glass monument for remembrance of the victims is situated next to the Atocha Railway Station in the centre of Madrid and was publicly inaugurated by Juan Carlos I, King of Spain and Queen Sofía on the three year anniversary of the attacks.
März 2008
Erneuerung der abgehängten Decke in der Olympiaschwimmhalle in München
Göppert, K. and Linden, S.
doi: 10.1002/stab.200710092
The Olympic Swimming Pool being part of the Munich Olympic Facilities was built for the 1972 Olympic Summer Games. After more than 30 years the structural integrity and the thermal behaviour of the suspended membrane ceiling reached a critical stage. The following article describes the history of the suspended roof. It covers architectural, structural and thermal demands in its original state as well as the redesign and execution of the new, recently finished membrane ceiling.
doi: 10.1002/stab.200710092
The Olympic Swimming Pool being part of the Munich Olympic Facilities was built for the 1972 Olympic Summer Games. After more than 30 years the structural integrity and the thermal behaviour of the suspended membrane ceiling reached a critical stage. The following article describes the history of the suspended roof. It covers architectural, structural and thermal demands in its original state as well as the redesign and execution of the new, recently finished membrane ceiling.
Dezember 2007
Die Neubauten für den Airbus A 380 in Hamburg - Entwurf und Konstruktion der Hallendächer
Schlaich J., Meese L.
August 2006
Lehrter Bahnhof Berlin: Die Haupteingangsfassaden
Gugeler, J., Gerber, H., Schneider, J. and Havemann, K.
doi: 10.1002/stab.200610043
The hall of the new main station in Berlin has two entrances from the north and south, respectively. At these sides of the main hall there are two exceptional glass facades. The structure of these facades just consists of cables and glass. Similar to the roof of the main hall, the facades have many special details so that they were a challenge for all involved persons. Besides the structural system of the vertical cable members the glass fins have to be mentioned since they have to carry huge loads.
doi: 10.1002/stab.200610043
The hall of the new main station in Berlin has two entrances from the north and south, respectively. At these sides of the main hall there are two exceptional glass facades. The structure of these facades just consists of cables and glass. Similar to the roof of the main hall, the facades have many special details so that they were a challenge for all involved persons. Besides the structural system of the vertical cable members the glass fins have to be mentioned since they have to carry huge loads.
Juni 2006
Lehrter Bahnhof Berlin: Das Nord-Süd-Dach
Gugeler, J., Havemann, K. and Schober, H.
doi: 10.1002/stab.200610018
Since the autumn of 2002 a transparent glass roof stretches over the East-West rail of the new main station in Berlin. The second filigree roof covering the North-South rail is now receiving final touches. Instead of historic station’s purlins an efficient shell structure spans between cable girders. The entire roof as well as the cable spanned facades demanded high skills in structural design and detailing. Numerous special constructions, extensive tests and finally the field erection during regular railway service were great challenges for all the people involved.
doi: 10.1002/stab.200610018
Since the autumn of 2002 a transparent glass roof stretches over the East-West rail of the new main station in Berlin. The second filigree roof covering the North-South rail is now receiving final touches. Instead of historic station’s purlins an efficient shell structure spans between cable girders. The entire roof as well as the cable spanned facades demanded high skills in structural design and detailing. Numerous special constructions, extensive tests and finally the field erection during regular railway service were great challenges for all the people involved.
März 2006
Entwurf und Konstruktion einer S-förmigen Fußgängerbrücke in Bochum
Göppert, K., Kratz, A. and Pfoser, P.
DOI: 10.1002/stab.200590004
In a challenging area, dominated by industry for decades, a pedestrian bridge was designed and built, which stands up to this surrounding with its striking S-shape. By taking an advantage of the given constraints, the principle of the single-ended supported circular beam was applied skillfully. A description of the design, detailing and calculations for the bridge will be given as follows. Also an overview regarding construction and erection of the structure will be given.
DOI: 10.1002/stab.200590004
In a challenging area, dominated by industry for decades, a pedestrian bridge was designed and built, which stands up to this surrounding with its striking S-shape. By taking an advantage of the given constraints, the principle of the single-ended supported circular beam was applied skillfully. A description of the design, detailing and calculations for the bridge will be given as follows. Also an overview regarding construction and erection of the structure will be given.
Februar 2005
Arenen im 21. Jahrhundert-Leistungsschau des Stadionbaus
Höffer, R., Hölscher, N., Hortmanns, M., Niemann, H.-J. and Sedlacek, G.
doi: 10.1002/stab.200490281
doi: 10.1002/stab.200490281
Januar 2005
Große Spannweiten
Plieninger, S.
DOI: 10.1002/stab.200490243
The following article is reporting about several buildings which can be characterized as long span structures. Related to their purpose of use – as places for exhibitions or as fabrication and maintenance facilities for airplanes – structures of huge span are required. Some of the described buildings are already realized or still under construction or planning.
DOI: 10.1002/stab.200490243
The following article is reporting about several buildings which can be characterized as long span structures. Related to their purpose of use – as places for exhibitions or as fabrication and maintenance facilities for airplanes – structures of huge span are required. Some of the described buildings are already realized or still under construction or planning.
Dezember 2004
Membrankonstruktionen – Form und Detail
The success of a membrane structure is very much depending on the chosen form and the developed structural details. Similar as for concrete shells, mechanical formulations are given, to be considered for the form finding process. Thus possible geometrical forms need to be double curved and the membrane needs to be prestressed. When designing membrane structures, the flow of forces is one key to be closely followed and the detailing of the deformable structures is the second.
Dezember 2004
Aktive und wandelbare Ingenieurbauten
Schlaich, M.
doi: 10.1002/stab.200490233
The application of bionics and modern technologiesto light-weight engineering structures and their potential for active and convertible systems is studied in this paper. Looking at the future, the use of active micro-systems to achieve self-directed structures will be investigated. Returning to the current reality, examples of existing convertible bridges and roof structures that adapt to changing requirements will be presented.
doi: 10.1002/stab.200490233
The application of bionics and modern technologiesto light-weight engineering structures and their potential for active and convertible systems is studied in this paper. Looking at the future, the use of active micro-systems to achieve self-directed structures will be investigated. Returning to the current reality, examples of existing convertible bridges and roof structures that adapt to changing requirements will be presented.
Dezember 2004
20 Jahre Entwicklung von solarthermischen Kraftwerken – Warum benötigen wir dringend die Nutzung solarer Energiequellen?
Schiel, W. and Bergermann, R.
doi: 10.1002/stab.200490244
Solar thermal power plants shall contribute a considerable share to cover the drastically rising energy consumption. They can do so, since the development of various technologies has advanced quite far, but the last sumptuous step is still to be done: the large-scale testing. This paper illustrates those power plant concepts which have been developed in whole or to a major part by Schlaich Bergermann und Partner: the Solar Tower, the Dish-Stirling System for decentralized energy production, the European version of the parabolic-trough-plants as well as the Tower power plant for which new heliostats have been designed
doi: 10.1002/stab.200490244
Solar thermal power plants shall contribute a considerable share to cover the drastically rising energy consumption. They can do so, since the development of various technologies has advanced quite far, but the last sumptuous step is still to be done: the large-scale testing. This paper illustrates those power plant concepts which have been developed in whole or to a major part by Schlaich Bergermann und Partner: the Solar Tower, the Dish-Stirling System for decentralized energy production, the European version of the parabolic-trough-plants as well as the Tower power plant for which new heliostats have been designed
Dezember 2004
Gespannte Seilnetzfassaden
Schober, H.
doi: 10.1002/stab.200490245
The invention of prestressed cable net facade for the Hotel Kempinski in Munich in 1989/1990 by Prof. Jörg Schlaich represents a milestone on the way to an optimum transparency of glass walls. This innovation influenced the glass architecture afterwards very significantly which have led to many applications all around the world. Due to a missed patent protection this idea has been duplicated worldwide as well. The load-bearing structure consists of a planar single-layer cable net which is prestressed. At the intersection points of the cable net the quadratic or rectangular glass panes are fastened in the corners without drilling through the glass. Thus the cables are situated directly behind the glass joints which leads to the advantage that they are nearly non-visible as a structural element. Like a tennis racket this structure needs load-bearing edges, which are able either to absorb or even better to directly compensate the prestressing forces.
doi: 10.1002/stab.200490245
The invention of prestressed cable net facade for the Hotel Kempinski in Munich in 1989/1990 by Prof. Jörg Schlaich represents a milestone on the way to an optimum transparency of glass walls. This innovation influenced the glass architecture afterwards very significantly which have led to many applications all around the world. Due to a missed patent protection this idea has been duplicated worldwide as well. The load-bearing structure consists of a planar single-layer cable net which is prestressed. At the intersection points of the cable net the quadratic or rectangular glass panes are fastened in the corners without drilling through the glass. Thus the cables are situated directly behind the glass joints which leads to the advantage that they are nearly non-visible as a structural element. Like a tennis racket this structure needs load-bearing edges, which are able either to absorb or even better to directly compensate the prestressing forces.
Dezember 2004
Ein Glashaus für die Therme in Badenweiler
Schober, H., Gerber, H. and Schneider, J.
doi: 10.1002/stab.200490213
At the spa Badenweiler the old bath houses were modernised. As a connecting structure between two of them a glass house was constructed. This article refers to the draft and design of this glass house and the used safety concept as well.
doi: 10.1002/stab.200490213
At the spa Badenweiler the old bath houses were modernised. As a connecting structure between two of them a glass house was constructed. This article refers to the draft and design of this glass house and the used safety concept as well.
November 2004
Neue Messe Mailand – Netzstruktur und Tragverhalten einer Freiformfläche
Schober, H., Kürschner, K. and Jungjohann, H.
doi: 10.1002/stab.200490146
The connecting links between the exhibition pavilions of the new trade fair in Milan are mostly covered by innovative steel-glass-structures which are very attractive from the architectural point of view. At the main entrance the ‘Logo’ arises: A double-curved free-formed surface, which ascends in the sky like a volcano. With a height of 37 m this structure will be recognized from afar as the new fair’s landmark. A 1.300 m long and 30 m wide free-formed glass roof, the so-called ‘Vela’, links the individual exhibition halls together along the main axis of the trade fair and absorbs the nearby Alps in its architectural design. Primary with the ‘Logo’ this paper specifies, besides the overall architectural concept, mainly the basic principles for the development of the grid topology and the characteristics of the structural system of the arbitrary curved free-formed surfaces.
doi: 10.1002/stab.200490146
The connecting links between the exhibition pavilions of the new trade fair in Milan are mostly covered by innovative steel-glass-structures which are very attractive from the architectural point of view. At the main entrance the ‘Logo’ arises: A double-curved free-formed surface, which ascends in the sky like a volcano. With a height of 37 m this structure will be recognized from afar as the new fair’s landmark. A 1.300 m long and 30 m wide free-formed glass roof, the so-called ‘Vela’, links the individual exhibition halls together along the main axis of the trade fair and absorbs the nearby Alps in its architectural design. Primary with the ‘Logo’ this paper specifies, besides the overall architectural concept, mainly the basic principles for the development of the grid topology and the characteristics of the structural system of the arbitrary curved free-formed surfaces.
August 2004
Hamburger Sichel
Keil, A., Werwigk, M. and Kempkes, M.
doi: 10.1002/stab.200490126
Located in the city of Hamburg the unique design of the new roof for the central bus station ZOB will be a landmark with its own cooperate identity. The arrangement of the bus-pockets led to the significant and individual half-moon shaped geometry of the roof. Like an huge boomerang almost 200 m long, the roof hovers above the service buildings and the entire bus-stations. The roof structure is supported 12 m above ground by a colonnade of slender steel columns, following the curvature of the multi-rib steel shell structure that carries the cantilever beams. Transparent glass panels are fixed underneath the steel purlins spanning between the filigrane cantilevers. This article describes the structural design, the structural behaviour and selected highlights of the fabrication and erection.
doi: 10.1002/stab.200490126
Located in the city of Hamburg the unique design of the new roof for the central bus station ZOB will be a landmark with its own cooperate identity. The arrangement of the bus-pockets led to the significant and individual half-moon shaped geometry of the roof. Like an huge boomerang almost 200 m long, the roof hovers above the service buildings and the entire bus-stations. The roof structure is supported 12 m above ground by a colonnade of slender steel columns, following the curvature of the multi-rib steel shell structure that carries the cantilever beams. Transparent glass panels are fixed underneath the steel purlins spanning between the filigrane cantilevers. This article describes the structural design, the structural behaviour and selected highlights of the fabrication and erection.
Juli 2004
Wandelbares Membrandach im Innenhof des Wiener Rathauses
Bergermann, R., Gugeler, J. and Keck, T.
doi: 10.1002/stab.200490105
In September 2000 the retractable membrane roof covering the court yard of the Vienna town hall was inaugurated. Giving shelter against rain and sun, the new structure with an area of 34 m ? 32 m replaces the former tents sheltering numerous events which take place here every summer. The transverse orientated steel-cables are anchored at carriages, which can be moved along tracks orientated perpendicularly to the cables. The membrane spans between the transverse ridge and valley cables, causing practically only warp stresses in the membrane. Thick walled tubes are used to weigh down the valley cables, resisting the small wind uplift forces in the courtyard and ensuring the accordion like folding process during retraction.
doi: 10.1002/stab.200490105
In September 2000 the retractable membrane roof covering the court yard of the Vienna town hall was inaugurated. Giving shelter against rain and sun, the new structure with an area of 34 m ? 32 m replaces the former tents sheltering numerous events which take place here every summer. The transverse orientated steel-cables are anchored at carriages, which can be moved along tracks orientated perpendicularly to the cables. The membrane spans between the transverse ridge and valley cables, causing practically only warp stresses in the membrane. Thick walled tubes are used to weigh down the valley cables, resisting the small wind uplift forces in the courtyard and ensuring the accordion like folding process during retraction.
Juni 2004
Sport stadia for the Soccer World Cup in Stuttgart, Hamburg, Frankfurt, Cologne and Berlin
Göppert, K.,
For the coming Soccer World Championship quite a few new stadia are built and some others are refurbished to fulfil today’s requirements. New structural ideas are developed and functional improvements are implemented. Thirty years ago cantilevered roofs with radial orientation were common. Nowadays, light weight, multi directional structures with translucent cladding are the choice of the clients and the designers. The use of efficient structural systems for large spans is greatly supported by the application of newly developed materials.
For the coming Soccer World Championship quite a few new stadia are built and some others are refurbished to fulfil today’s requirements. New structural ideas are developed and functional improvements are implemented. Thirty years ago cantilevered roofs with radial orientation were common. Nowadays, light weight, multi directional structures with translucent cladding are the choice of the clients and the designers. The use of efficient structural systems for large spans is greatly supported by the application of newly developed materials.
Mai 2004
Entwurf und Konstruktion der Bahnsteighalle des Lehrter Bahnhofs Berlin
Schlaich J., Schober, Justiz
Dezember 2002
The new Frankfurt Fair exhibition hall 3
Meese, L.
The new Frankfurt Fair exhibition hall 3 sets a landmark because of its expressive roof shape. The Mess Frankfurt GmbH has expanded her exhibition area and has increased the attractively of one of the worldwide leading fair centres. With 165 m roof span the new hall has up to now the largest free spanned roof of a fair hall in Europe. In the following the building itself and structural details are described. More technical and detailed information about the design process is given in 2.
The new Frankfurt Fair exhibition hall 3 sets a landmark because of its expressive roof shape. The Mess Frankfurt GmbH has expanded her exhibition area and has increased the attractively of one of the worldwide leading fair centres. With 165 m roof span the new hall has up to now the largest free spanned roof of a fair hall in Europe. In the following the building itself and structural details are described. More technical and detailed information about the design process is given in 2.
Oktober 2002
Composite bridges – recent experience The development of teeth-connectors
Schlaich, J.; Schmid, V.; Schlaich, M.,
The classical concrete/steel connectors for composite bridges, the shear-studs welded to the flanges of steel beams and embedded in concrete deck slabs, are discussed and compared with different types of teeth-connectors. It is claimed that the latter are superior at least for locally concentrated load transfer.
The classical concrete/steel connectors for composite bridges, the shear-studs welded to the flanges of steel beams and embedded in concrete deck slabs, are discussed and compared with different types of teeth-connectors. It is claimed that the latter are superior at least for locally concentrated load transfer.
März 2002
Das Speichenrad-Ein Konstruktionsprinzip für weitgespannte Dachkonstruktionen
Bergermann R., Göppert K.
August 2000
Vorgespannte Seilnetzkonstruktionen-das Olympiadach in München
F. Leonhardt
J. Schlaich
J. Schlaich
Juni 1973
Leitfaden Gestalten von Eisenbahnbrücken
Schlaich, J., Fackler, Th., Weißbach, M., Schmitt, V., Ommert, Chr., Marx, S., Krontal, L. (Hrsgn. i. A. des Brückenbeirats der Deutschen Bahn AG)
Footbridges - Construction Design History
Schlaich, M., Baus, U.
Birkhäuser Verlag
ISBN 978-3-7643-8139-4
Birkhäuser Verlag
ISBN 978-3-7643-8139-4
fib Bulletin No. 32 / Guidelines for the disign of footbidges
Schlaich, M., Brownlie, K., Conzett, J., Sobrino, J., Strask, J., Takenouchi, K.
ISBN 2-88394-072-X
ISBN 2-88394-072-X
The Solar Updraft Tower - Aufwindkraftwerke zur Solaren Stromerzeugung
Schlaich, J., Bergermann, R., Schiel, W., Weinrebe, G.
CD Rom, Bauwerk
ISBN 3-934369-51-0
CD Rom, Bauwerk
ISBN 3-934369-51-0
leicht weit | Light Structures: Jörg Schlaich Rudolf Bergermann
Bögle, A., Cachola Schmal, P. (Hrsg)
Prestel
ISBN 3-7913-2918-9
Prestel
ISBN 3-7913-2918-9
The Art of Structural Engineering, The Work of Jörg Schlaich and his Team
Holgate, A.
Edition Axel Menges
ISBN 3-930698-67-6
Edition Axel Menges
ISBN 3-930698-67-6
